References

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
     A    ^ up ^
  • Adam, J. I. and Sæther, O. A. (1999): Revision of the genus Nilothauma Kieffer, 1921 (Diptera: Chironomidae). Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement. Vol. 56, Pp. 1-107.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid265' >Adam and Sæther 1999</a>
  • Akhorov, F. (Ахоров, Ф.) (1977): New species of the genus Psectrocladius (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Pamir and their metamorphosis. Zoologicheskii Journal (Зоологически Журнал). Vol. 56, No. 7, Pp. 538-549. Note:  in Russian.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid350' >Akhorov 1977</a>
  • Andersen, F. S. (1937): Ueber die Metamorphose der Ceratopogoniden und Chironomiden Nordostgrönlands. Meddelelser om Grønland. Vol. 116, 2–94 P. Note:  cited from Stur and Ekrem 2006; Micropsectra groenlandica regarded as synonym to M. logani, but M. groenlandica is designated as lectotype.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid470' >Andersen 1937</a>
  • Armitage, P. D., Cranston, P. S. and Pinder, L. C. V. (1995): The Chironomidae: Biology and Ecology of Non-Biting Midges. Springer. Link: http://books.google.com/books?id=bQyvnx4x6toC. Note:  ISBN 041245260X.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid428' >Armitage et al. 1995</a>
  • Ashe, P. and Cranston, P. S. (1991): Chironomidae. Psychodidae-Chironomidae.. (Editors: Soós, Á. & Papp, L.). Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 2, Pp. 113-355.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid256' >Ashe and Cranston 1991</a>
  • Ashe, P. and O'Connor, J. P. (2000): Metriocnemus (Crymaleomyia) brunneri n. subgen., n. sp., from glacial melt-water in the Karakorum Mountains, Pakistan (Insecta:diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae). (Editor: Odwin Hofrichter). Late 20th century research on Chironomidae: An Anthology from the 13th International Symposion on Chironomidae (Shaker Verlag, Aachen). Pp. 25-34.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid266' >Ashe and O'Connor 2000</a>
    •  B    ^ up ^
  • Becker, T. (1908): Dipteren der Kanarischen Inseln. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin. Vol. 4, Pp. 1-180. Note:  cited from Epler 1988a.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid382' >Becker 1908</a>
  • Bigler, C., Grahn, E., Larocque, I., Jeziorski, A. and Hall, R. (2003): Holocene environmental change at Lake Njulla (999 m a.s.l.), northern Sweden: a comparison with four small nearby lakes along an altitudinal gradient. Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 29, Pp. 13--29.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid504' >Bigler et al. 2003</a>
  • Birks, H. H. and Battarbee, R. W. and Birks, H. J. B. (2000): The development of the aquatic ecosystem at Kråkenes Lake, western Norway, during the late-glacial and early-Holocene─a synthesis. Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 23, Pp. 91--114. Note:  [p 105 correct?] whereas the more warmth-adapted taxa like Corynocera oliveri/Tanytarsus lugens, Sergentia coracina, and Arctopelopia which were previously abundant in the Allerød but were absent from the Younger Dryas, expanded rapidly (Brooks, 1997). The expansion of these taxa together with some warmwater chironomids such as Cricotopus, Paracladius, Tanytarsus sp. B, and Corynoneura scutellata agg. slightly before the Younger Dryas boundary may be an expression of the start of warming (Brooks, 1997).
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid535' >Birks et al. 2000</a>
  • Bíró, K. (1981): Az Àrvaszúnyog-Lárvák Kishatározója. Vízügyi Hidrobiológia. Vol. 11 Note:  ISSN 0133-3003, ISBN 963 602 240 2; origianl in Czech, German translation 1988: Kleiner Bestimmungsschlüssel für Zuckmückenlarven (Diptera: Chironoidae), ISBN 3-900672-90-3.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid325' >Bíró 1981</a>
  • Bisthoven, L. J. de and Gerhardt, A. (2003): Chironomidae (Diptera, Nematocera) fauna in three small streams of Skania, Sweden. Environmental Monitoring and Assessmen. No. 83, Pp. 89-102.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid491' >Bisthoven and Gerhardt 2003</a>
  • Bjune, A. E. (2004): Holocene vegetational and climate history at or near tree-line in contrasting areas of Norway inferred from pollen and plant macrofossils in lake sediments. Doctor Scient Thesis, University of Bergen. Note:  cited from Velle et al. 2005a.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid528' >Bjune 2004</a>
  • Bode, R. W. (1983): Larvae of North American Eukiefferiella and Tvetenia (Diptera: Chironomidae). University of the State of New York, State Education Dept. Bulletin. No. 452
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid410' >Bode 1983</a>
  • Borkent, A. (1984): The systematics and phylogeny of the Stenochironomus complex (Xestochironomus, Harrisius, and Stenochironomus)(Diptera: Chironomidae). (Editor: Stephen M. Smith). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada. Vol. 128, Pp. 1-269. Note:  ISSN 0071-075X.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid305' >Borkent 1984</a>
  • Brodersen, K. P. and Anderson, N. J. (2002): Distribution of chironomids (Diptera) in low arctic West Greenland lakes: Trophic conditions, temperature and environmental reconstruction. Freshw. Biol. Vol. 47, Pp. 1137-1157. Note:  cited from Brodersen et al. 2004.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid494' >Brodersen and Anderson 2002</a>
  • Brodersen, K. P. and Lindegaard, C. (1999): Mass occurrence and sporadic distribution of Corynocera ambigua Zetterstedt (Diptera, Chironomidae) in Danish lakes. Neo- and palaeolimnological records. Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 22, Pp. 41--52.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid530' >Brodersen and Lindegaard 1999</a>
  • Brodersen, K. P., Pedersen, O., Lindegaard, C. and Hamburger, K. (2004): Chironomids (Diptera) and oxy-regulatory capacity: an experimental approach to paleolimnological interpretation. Limnology and Oceanography. Vol. 49, No. 5, Pp. 1549-1559. Note:  Journal abbreviation was actually 'Limnol. Oceanogr.'.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid492' >Brodersen et al. 2004</a>
  • Brooks, S. J. (2000): Late-glacial fossil midge stratigraphies (Insecta: Diptera: Chironomidae) from the Swiss Alps. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. Vol. 159, Pp. 261--279.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid532' >Brooks 2000</a>
  • Brooks, S. J. (2006): Fossil midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) as palaeoclimatic indicators for the Eurasian region. Quaternary Science Reviews. Vol. 25, Pp. 1894--1910.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid511' >Brooks 2006</a>
  • Brooks, S. J. and Birks, H. J. B. (2000): Chironomid-inferred late-glacial and early-Holocene mean July air temperatures for Kråkenes Lake, western Norway. Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 23, No. 1, Pp. 77--89. January . Note: 
    • 44 surface samples wirh n>10 chironomids WAPLS-2 R2=0.688, PMSEPjack=1.110°C with given figure as WA-image, ecology of chironomids
    • 11 with significant symmetric unimodal Template:HOF:unimodal: Ablabesmyia, Arctopelopia, Cladopelma, Heterotanytarsus apicalis, Macropelopia, Pagastiella, Polypedilum, Psectrocladius sordidellus-group, Pseudorthocladius, Tanytarsus pallidicornis-group Zalutschia zalutschicola
    • 5 statistically significant (sigmoidal Template:HOF:sigmoidalNotUpperLeft Template:HOF:sigmoidalUpperLeft) thus optima beyond sampled 5.7 °C: Heterotrissocladius subpilosus, Micropsectra radialis, Tanytarsina group B, Tanytarsus lugens/Corynocera oliveri, and unidentified Tanytarsini
    • 8 have statistically significant (sigmoidal Template:HOF:sigmoidalNotUpperRight Template:HOF:sigmoidalUpperRight) thus the optima beyond sampled 14 °C: Thienemanniella, Parametriocnemus, Paratanytarsus, Zavrelia, Orthocladius cf. clarki, Parakiefferiella bathophila, Limnophyes, Pseudosmittia
    • cold water Pseudodiamesa arctica, Diamesinae, Paracladius alpicola, Heterotrissocladius subpilosus, Heterotrissocladius grimshawi, Micropsectra radialis, Corynocera oliveri/Tanytarsus lugens, Arctopelopia, Sergentia coracina
    • warm water Cricotopus sp., Procladius, Chironomus anthracinus-group, Dicrotendipes, Microtendipes chloris, Polypedilum cf. nebeculosum
    • acidophil Psectrocladius sordidellus-group, Psectrocladius septentrionalis-group, Heterotanytarsus apicalis
    .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid507' >Brooks and Birks 2000</a>
  • Brooks, S. J., Langdon, P. G. and Heiri, O. (2007): The identification and use of palaearctic Chironomidae larvae in Palaeoecology. Quarternary Research Association, Techincal Guide. No. 10, 276 P. e-mail: s dot brooks at nhm dot ac dot uk; p dot g dot langdon at soton dot ac dot uk; o dot heiri at bio dot uu dot nl. Note:  ISBN 0907 780 717.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid302' >Brooks et al. 2007</a>
  • Brundin, L. (1947): Zur Kenntnis der schwedischen Chironomiden. Arkiv för Zoologi. Vol. 39A, No. 3, Pp. 1-95. Note:  not checked "Brundin 1947" for e.g. Orthocladius (Orthocladius) dentifer .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid240' >Brundin 1947</a>
  • Brundin, L. (1949): Chironomiden und andere Bodentiere der südschwedischen Urgebirgsseen. Institute of Freshwater Research. Report. Drottningholm. Vol. 30, Pp. 1-914. Note:  not checked for Zalutschia mucronata (Brundin 1949).
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid241' >Brundin 1949</a>
  • Brundin, L. (1956): Zur Systematik der Orthocladiinae (Dipt. Chironomidae). Institute of Freshwater Research. Report. Drottningholm. Vol. 37, Pp. 5-185. Note:  not checked "Brundin 1956" for e.g. Orthocladius wetterensis.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid242' >Brundin 1956</a>
  • Brundin, L. (1966): Transarctic relationships and their significance, as evidenced by chironomid midges, with a monograph of the subfamilies Podonominae and Aphroteniinae and the austral Heptagyiae. Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl. Vol. 4, No. 11(1), Pp. 1-471. Note:  not checked "Brundin 1966" for e.g. Tribe Boreoheptagyiini Brundin, 1966.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid243' >Brundin 1966</a>
  • Brundin, L. (1983): The Larvae of Podonominae (Diptera: Chironomiadae) of the Holarctic region - Keys and diagnoses. Chironomidae of Holarctic region - Keys and diagnoses (Part 1 - Larvae), Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement. Vol. 19, Pp. 21-31.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid455' >Brundin 1983</a>
  • Bunbury, J. and Gajewski, K. (2008): Does a one point sample adequately characterize the lake environment for paleoenvironmental calibration studies?. Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 39, No. 4, Pp. 511--531. May .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid512' >Bunbury and Gajewski 2008</a>
  • Buskens, R. F. M. and Moller-Pillot, H. K. M. (1992): The Netherlands as an environment for chironomid fauna. Aquatic Ecology. Vol. 26, No. 6, Pp. 223--228.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid481' >Buskens and Moller-Pillot 1992</a>
    •  C    ^ up ^
  • Caldwell B. A. (1998): Description of the adult male and larva of Orthocladius (Orthocladius) vaillanti (Diptera: Chironomidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society. Vol. 71, No. 3, Pp. 234-240. Adress: 1035 Lewis Ridge Circle, Lawrenceville, GA, 30045, USA.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid407' >Caldwell 1998</a>
  • Candle Lake: A taxonomic guide to some macroinvertebrates collected from Candle Lake, Saskatchewan. Link: http://www.usask.ca/biology/skabugs/index.html.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid5' >Candle Lake</a>
  • Caspers, H. (1959): Vorschläge einer Brackwassernomenklatur (“The Venice System”). Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie. Vol. 44, Pp. 312-315. Note:  cited from Wolf et al. 2009. In German.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid539' >Caspers 1959</a>
  • Charters Creek (1999): Stream Macroinvertebrates in the Chartiers Creek Watershed January 1999 Pictures (W & J Student captured pictures). Link: http://www.washjeff.edu/Chartiers/Chartier/RunningWaters/InsectPics.html.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid13' >Chartiers Creek 1999</a>
  • Chernovskyj, A. A. (1949): Identifikation of larvae of the midge family Tendipedidae. Zoological Institute Acad. Sci. USSR, Leningrad, Nauka (Identification books of the USSR fauna). Vol. 31, Pp. 1-185. Note:  cited from Makarchenko and Makarchenko 2000, in Russian.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid364' >Chernovskyj 1949</a>
  • Contreras-Lichtenberg, R. and Kiknadze, I. I. (2000): Glyptotendipes ospeli, a new species from The Netherland (Diptera, Nematocera: Chironomidae). Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam). Vol. 60, No. 2, Pp. 1-60.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid267' >Contreras-Lichtenberg and Kiknadze 2000</a>
  • Coquillett, D. W. (1902): Three new species of nematocerous Diptera. Entomological News. Vol. 13, Pp. 84-85.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid383' >Coquillett 1902</a>
  • Cranston, P. S. (1979): The development stages of Limnophyes globifer (Lundström) (Diptera: Chironomidae). Hydrobiologia. Vol. 67, No. 1, Pp. 19-25.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid353' >Cranston 1979</a>
  • Cranston, P. S. (1982): A key to the larvae of British Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae). Freshwater Biological Association, Scientific Publication. No. 45, Pp. 1-152.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid244' >Cranston 1982</a>
  • Cranston, P. S. (2000a): Electronic Guide to The Chironomidae of Australia - Version 1.1. Link: http://www.science.uts.edu.au/sasb/chiropage/. e-mail: pscranston at ucdavis dot edu.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid380' >Cranston 2000a</a>
  • Cranston, P. S. (2000b): Parapsectrocladius: a new genus of Orthocladiinae Chironomidae (Diptera) from Patagonia, the southern Andes. Link: http://www.science.uts.edu.au/sasb/chiropage/parapse.pdf.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid27' >Cranston 2000b</a>
  • Cranston, P. S. (2003): The oriental genus Shangomyia Sæther & Wang (Chironomidae: Diptera): immature stages, biology, putative relationships and the evolution of wood mining in chironomid larvae. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. Vol.  51, No. 2, Pp. 179-186. Link: http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/51/51rbz179-186.pdf.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid401' >Cranston 2003</a>
  • Cranston, P. S. (2004): Chironomidae, in "The Freshwater Invertebrates of Malaysia and Singapore". (Editors: C.M. Yule and H.S. Yong). Academy of Sciences, Malaysia. Pp. 1-44.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid389' >Cranston 2004</a>
  • Cranston, P. S. (2007): The Chironomidae larvae associated with the Tsunami-impacted waterbodies of the coastal plain of Southwestern Thailand. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. Vol. 55, No. 2, Pp. 231-244. Link: http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/55/55rbz231-244.pdf.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid306' >Cranston 2007</a>
  • Cranston, P. S. and Dimitriadis, S. (2005): Semiocladius Sublette and Wirth: taxonomy and ecology of an estuarine midge (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae). Australian Journal of Entomology. Vol. 44, 252–256 P. Link: http://entomology.ucdavis.edu/chiropage/Semiocladius.pdf. Note:  only Semiocladius crassipennis Skuse 1889 as larvae.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid416' >Cranston and Dimitriadis 2005</a>
  • Cranston, P. S., Oliver, D. R. and Sæther, O. A. (1983): The Larvae of Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomiadae) of the Holarctic region - Keys and diagnoses. (Editor: Wiederholm, T.). Chironomidae of Holarctic region - Keys and diagnoses (Part 1 - Larvae), Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement. Vol. 19, Pp. 149-292.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid21' >Cranston et al. 1983</a>
  • Curry, L. L. (1958): Larvae and Pupae of the Species of Cryptochironomus (Diptera) in Michigan. Limnology and Oceanography. Vol. 3, No. 4, Pp. 427-442. Link: http://www.aslo.org/lo/toc/vol_3/issue_4/0427.pdf.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid327' >Curry 1958</a>
    •  D    ^ up ^
  • Delettre, Y. R. (2000): Larvae of terrestrial Chironomidae (Diptera) colonize the vegetation layer during the rainy season. Pedobiologia. Vol. 44, No. 5, Pp. 622--626.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid475' >Delettre 2000</a>
  • Dettinger-Klemm, P. M. A. (2001): The Metamorphosis of Orthocladius (Symposiocladius) holsatus Goetghebuer, 1937, with the Description of Orthocladius (Symposiocladius) lunzensis sp. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae). Aquatic Insects. Vol. 23, No. 1, 45–62 P.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid377' >Dettinger-Klemm 2001</a>
  • Dettinger-Klemm, P. M. A. (2003): Chironomids (Diptera, Nematocera) of Temporary Pools - an Ecological Case Study. Thesis, University Marburg. Pp. 1-372. Link: http://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/diss/z2004/0076/.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid274' >Dettinger-Klemm 2003</a>
    •  E    ^ up ^
  • Eaton (1875): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid245' >Eaton 1875</a>
  • Edwards (1924): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid322' >Edwards 1924</a>
  • Edwards (1929): British Non-biting Midges (Chironomidae). Transactions of the Entomological Society of London. Vol. 77, 279–438 P. Note:  cited from http://www.springerlink.com/content/g56r6g46271u3258/ , Pinder 1976b, Yan et al. 2005a .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid276' >Edwards 1929</a>
  • Edwards (1932): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid260' >Edwards 1932</a>
  • Edwards (1937): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid246' >Edwards 1937</a>
  • Edwards (1938): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid247' >Edwards 1938</a>
  • Egger (1863): No title in database Note:  not checked for e.g. Ablabesmyia phatta.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid259' >Egger 1863</a>
  • Einarsson, A., Gardarsson, A., Gislason, G. M. and Ives, A. R. (2002): Consumer-resource interactions and cyclic population dynamics of Tanytarsus gracilentus (Diptera: Chironomidae). J. Animal Ecol. Vol. 71, Pp. 832-845. Note:  cited from Brodersen et al. 2004.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid493' >Einarsson et al. 2002</a>
  • Ekrem, T. (2002): A review of selected South- and East Asian Tanytarsus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae). Hydrobiologia. Vol. 255, Pp. 1-39.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid16' >Ekrem 2002</a>
  • Ekrem, T. (2003): Towards a phylogeny of Tanytarsus van der Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae). Is morphology alone sufficient to reconstruct the genealogical relationship?. Insect Systematics and Evolution. Vol. 34, Pp. 199-219. Note:  cited from Ekrem 2004.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid537' >Ekrem 2003</a>
  • Ekrem, T. (2004): Immature stages of European Tanytarsus species I. The eminulus-, gregarius-, lugens- and mendax species groups (Diptera: Chironomidae). Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift. Vol. 51, No. 1, 97–146 P.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid310' >Ekrem 2004</a>
  • Ekrem, T. and Stur, E. (2009): A review of the genus Zavrelia (Diptera: Chironomidae). European Journal of Entomology. Vol. 106, No. 1, 119–144 P. Link: http://www.eje.cz/scripts/viewabstract.php?abstract=1433. e-mail: torbjorn dot ekrem at vm dot ntnu dot no,; elisabeth dot stur at vm dot ntnu dot no. Adress: Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid457' >Ekrem and Stur 2009</a>
  • Enderlein (1912): No title in database
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  • Epler, J. H. (1988a): A reconsideration of the genus Apedilum Townes, 1945 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae). Spixiana Supplement. Vol. 14, Pp. 105-116. Note:  cited from Epler 2001.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid289' >Epler 1988a</a>
  • Epler, J. H. (1988b): Biosystematics of the genus Dicrotendipes Kieffer, 1913 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae) of the world. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society. Vol. 36, Pp. 1--214.
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  • Epler, J. H. (2001): Identification manual for the larval Chironomidae (Diptera) of North and South Carolina. 27. September . Link: http://www.esb.enr.state.nc.us/BAUwww/Chironomid.htm.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid6' >Epler 2001</a>
    •  F    ^ up ^
  • Fabricius, J. C. (1787): No title in database Note:  not checked for Psectrotanypus varius.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid540' >Fabricius 1787</a>
  • Fabricius, J. C. (1794): Entomologica systematica emendata at auca.. Vol. IV, 472 P. Note:  Hafniae.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid318' >Fabricius 1794</a>
  • Fittkau, E. J. (1955): Buchonomyia thienemanni n.gen. n.sp. Chironomidenstudien IV (Diptera: Chironomidae). Beitraege zur Entomologie. Vol. 5, Pp. 403-414.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid249' >Fittkau 1955</a>
  • Fittkau, E. J. (1957): Thienemannimyia und Conchapelopia, zwei neue Gattungen innerhalb der Ablabesmyia-costalis-Gruppe (Diptera, Chironomidae). (Chironomidenstudien VII). Archiv für Hydrobiologie. Vol. 53, Pp. 313-322.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid250' >Fittkau 1957</a>
  • Fittkau, E. J. (1962): Die Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae). (Die Tribus Anatopyniini, Macropelopiini und Pentaneurini). Abh. Larvalsyst. Ins. Vol. 6, Pp. 1-453.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid251' >Fittkau 1962</a>
  • Fittkau E. J. and Murray (1983): No title in database
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  • Fittkau E. J. and Reiss F. (1998): Micropsectra pharetrophora, a new species of Tanytarsini (Diptera, Chironomidae) constructing portable larval cases. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society. Vol. 71, 226–233 P. Note:  (distributed in 1999.) cited from Stur and Ekrem 2006.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid283' >Fittkau and Reiss 1998</a>
  • Fittkau, E. J. and Roback, S. S. (1983): The larvae of Tanypodinae - Keys and diagnoses. In: Chironomidae of the Holarctic region. Keys and diagnoses. Part 1 - Larvae. (Editor: T.Wiederholm). Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement. Vol. 19, Pp. 33-110. Note:  ISSN 0105-3574.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid288' >Fittkau and Roback 1983</a>
  • Fries (1830): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid253' >Fries 1830</a>
    •  G    ^ up ^
  • Gandouin, E. and Franquet, E. (2002): Late Glacial and Holocene chironomid assemblages in 'Lac Long Inférieur' (southern France, 2090 m): palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic implications. Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 28, Pp. 317-328.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid505' >Gandouin and Franquet 2002</a>
  • Gardarsson, A., Einarsson, Á., Gíslason, G. M., Hrafnsdóttir, T., Ingvason, H. R., Jónsson, E. and Ólafsson, J. S. (2004): Population fluctuations of chironomid and simuliid Diptera at Myvatn in 1977-1996. Aquatic Insects. Vol. 38, Pp. 209-217.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid498' >Gardarsson et al. 2004</a>
  • Geiger, H. J., Ryser, H. M. and Scholl, A. (1978): Bestimmungsschlüssel für die Larven von 18 Zuckmückenarten der Gattung Chironomus Meigen (Diptera, Chironomidae) [Determination guide for 18 species of chironomids of genus Chironomus Meig. (Dipt., Chir.)]. Mitteilungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Bern. Vol. N.F. 35, Pp. 89-106. Note:  ISSN 0077-6130, cited from Vallenduuk 1997, ?in German.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid9' >Geiger et al. 1978</a>
  • Goetghebuer, M. E. M. (1922): Dipteres. Chironomidae. Faune de France. Vol. IV Note:  correct citation? Cited from http://www.springerlink.com/content/g56r6g46271u3258/ .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid254' >Goetghebuer 1922</a>
  • Goetghebuer, M. E. M. (1923): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid447' >Goetghebuer 1923</a>
  • Goetghebuer, M. E. M. (1928): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid255' >Goetghebuer 1928</a>
  • Goetghebuer, M. E. M. (1931): Ceratopogonidae et Chironomidae nouveaux d'Europe. Bulletin et Annales de la Société royale belge d 'Entomologie. Vol. 71, 211–218 P.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid342' >Goetghebuer 1931</a>
  • Goetghebuer, M. E. M. (1934): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid363' >Goetghebuer 1934</a>
  • Goetghebuer, M. E. M. (1936): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid361' >Goetghebuer 1936</a>
  • Goetghebuer, M. E. M. (1937a): Quatre chironomides nouveaux d'Allemagne. Archiv für Hydrobiologie. Vol. 31, Pp. 508-510. Link: http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/schweiz/afh. Note:  cited from Sæther 2003.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid376' >Goetghebuer 1937a</a>
  • Goetghebuer, M. E. M. (1937b): Tendipedidae-Tendipedinae (Chironomidae-Chironominae). A. Die Imagines.. In: Lindner, Erwin: Die Fliegen der Paläarktischen Region, Band III / 2. Vol. 3, No. 2, Pp. 1-48. Note:  part 13c; volume incompete see: http://www.schweizerbart.de/pubs/books/es/lindnerdie-132070320-desc.html ; citet from http://www.catalogueoflife.org/ .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid344' >Goetghebuer 1937b</a>
  • Goetghebuer, M. E. M. (1938): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid370' >Goetghebuer 1938</a>
  • Goetghebuer, M. E. M. (1939): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid365' >Goetghebuer 1939</a>
  • Goetghebuer, M. E. M. (1940): Tendipedidae-Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae-Orthocladiinae). 13g. Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region. Vol. 3, No. 2, 137 P. Note:  cited from http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/show_reference_details.php?record_id=466780 .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid369' >Goetghebuer 1940</a>
  • Goetghebuer, M. E. M., Humphries, C. F., FritzGerald, A. M. (1948): Metamorphosis of the Chironomidae I. A description of the larvae, pupae and imagines of some members of the genus Eukiefferiella (Kieff.); of the larva of Orthocladius crassicornis (Goetgh.) and of the imago of Orthocladius flaveolus (Goetgh.). Hydrobiologia. Vol. 1, No. 1-4, Pp. 410 - 424. March . Link: http://www.springerlink.com/content/424067177158p010/. Note:  print error with name FritzGerald?.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid343' >Goetghebuer et al. 1948</a>
  • Guo, X. (1994): Chinese records of chironomid larvae from south lake, Wuhan; China. J. Huazhong. agric. Univ. Vol. 13, No. 6, Pp. 621-624.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid11' >Guo 1994</a>
    •  H    ^ up ^
  • Hayashi, F. (1998): Nanocladius (Plecopteracoluthus) asiaticus sp. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae) Phoretic on Dobsonfly and Fishfly Larvae (Megaloptera: Corydalidae). Aquatic Insects. Vol. 20, No. 4, Pp. 215-229.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid345' >Hayashi 1998</a>
  • Hazra, N., Som, D. K. and Chaudhuri, P. K. (1998): Limnophyes Eaton: new record and immatures of Indian species from Darjeeling Himalayas (Diptera: Chironomidae). Studia Dipterologica. Vol. 5, No. 1, Pp. 33-46.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid273' >Hazra et al. 1998</a>
  • Hazra, N., Saha, G. K. and Chaudhuri, P. K. (2002): Records of Orthoclad species from the Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalayas of India (Diptera: Chironomidae), with notes on their ecology. Hydrobiologia. Vol. 474, Pp. 41-55.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid45' >Hazra et al. 2002</a>
  • Heiri, O., Ekrem, T. and Willassen, E. (2004): Larval head capsules of European Micropsectra, Paratanytarsus and Tanytarsus (Diptera: Chironomidae: Tanytarsini) version 1.0. 24. August . Link: http://www3.bio.uu.nl/palaeo/Chironomids/Tanytarsini/intro.htm.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid1' >Heiri et al. 2004</a>
  • Heyn, M. W. (1992): A review of systematic position of the North American species of the genus Glyptotendipes. Netherlands Journal of Aquatic Ecology. Vol. 26, Pp. 129-137. Note:  cited from Moller-Pillot et al. 1997.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid299' >Heyn 1992</a>
  • Hill, M. O. (1973): Diversity and evenness: A unifying notation and its consequences. Ecology. Vol. 54, No. 2, Pp. 427-432.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid514' >Hill 1973</a>
  • Hirabayashi, K. and Wotton, R. S. (1999): Organic matter processing by chironomid larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae). Hydrobiologia. Vol. 382, Pp. 151-159.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid484' >Hirabayashi and Wotton 1999</a>
  • Hirvenoja, M. (1961): Description of the larva of Corynocera ambigua ZETT. (Dipt . Chironomidae) and its relation to the subfossil species Dryadotanytarsus edentulus ANDERS. and D. duffi DEEVEY. Suom. hyont. Aikak. Vol. 27, Pp. 105-110. Note:  cited from Lehmann 1973.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid480' >Hirvenoja 1961</a>
  • Hirvenoja (1973): Revision der Gattung Cricotopus van der vulp und ihrer Verwandten (Diptera, Chironomidae). Annales Zoologici Fennici. Vol. 10, Pp. 1-363.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid29' >Hirvenoja 1973</a>
  • Hirvenoja, M. and Hirvenoja, E. (1988): Corynoneura brundini spec. nov. Ein Beitrag zur Systematik der Gattung Corynoneura (Diptera, Chironomidae). Spixiana Supplement. Vol. 14, Pp. 213-238. Note:  German.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid408' >Hirvenoja and Hirvenoja 1988</a>
  • Hoffrichter, O. (2007): Current bibliography: 1 Jan. 2006 - 30 Sep. 2007. CHIRONOMUS Newsletter on Chironomidae Research. Vol. 20 Note:  ISSN 0172-1941.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid496' >Hoffrichter 2007</a>
  • Hofmann, W. (1971): Zur Taxonomie und Paläoökologie subfossiler Chironomiden (Dipt.) in Seesedimenten. Archiv für Hydrobiologie. Vol. 6, Pp. 1-50. Link: http://www.schweizerbart.de/j/archiv-hydrobiologie/. Note:  in German.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid278' >Hofmann 1971</a>
  • Hofmann, W. (1984): A subfossil record of the presumed larva of Corynocera oliveri Lindeberg from the Lobsigensee (Swiss Plateau). Studies in the Late-Quaternary of Lobsigensee 8. Spixiana. Vol. 7, No. 2, Pp. 211-214. Note:  ISSN 0341-8391. See also thread at Chironomidae discussion list: http://lists.vm.ntnu.no/pipermail/chironomidae/2009-March/000097.html .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid469' >Hofmann 1984</a>
  • Hofmann, W (2001): Late-Glacial/Holocene succession of the chironomid and cladoceran fauna of the Soppensee (Central Switzerland). Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 25, Pp. 411-420.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid526' >Hofmann 2001</a>
  • Holmgren, A. E. (1869): Bidrag till kännedomen om Beeren Eilands och Spetsbergens insekt-fauna. Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl. Vol. 8, No. 8, Pp. 1-56 [47]. Note:  correct citation ??? .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid263' >Holmgren 1869</a>
  • Holmgren, A. E. (1883): Diptera. Pp. 162-190. In Holmgren, A. E., and Aurivillius, C., Insecta a viris doctissimis Nordenskiold illun ducem sequentibus in insulis Waigatsch et Novaja Semlia anno 1875 collecta. Entomologisk Tidskrift. Vol. 4, Pp. 139-194. Note:  cited from http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/show_reference_details.php?record_id=467331 , not checked for Tanytarsus gracilentus.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid403' >Holmgren 1883</a>
  • Hudson, P. L., Lenat, D. R., Caldwell, B. A. and Smith, D. (1990): Chironomidae of the Southeastern United States: A checklist of species and notes on biology, distribution, and habitat. Fish and Wildlife Research, ISSN 1040-2411. Vol. 7, Pp. 1-46. Link: http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA322803.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid290' >Hudson et al. 1990</a>
  • Huisman, J., Olff, H. and Fresco, L. F. M. (1993): A hierarchical set of models for species response analysis. Journal Of Vegetation Science. Vol. 4, No. 1, Pp. 37-46. February . Note: 
    • Model I: no significant trend in space or time Template:HOF:noDistribution
    • Model II: an increasing or decreasing trend where the maximum is equal to the upper bound M Template:HOF:sigmoidalUpperRight Template:HOF:sigmoidalUpperLeft
    • Model III: an increasing or decreasing trend where the maximum is below the upper bound M Template:HOF:sigmoidalNotUpperRight Template:HOF:sigmoidalNotUpperLeft
    • Model IV: increase and decrease by the same rate: symmetrical response curve Template:HOF:unimodal
    • Model V: increase and decrease by different rates: skewed response curve. Template:HOF:skewedRight Template:HOF:skewedLeft
    .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid519' >Huisman et al. 1993</a>
    •  I    ^ up ^
  • Ingvason, H. R., Olafsson, J. S. and Gardarsson, A. (2002): Temporal pattern in resource utilisation of Tanytarsus gracilentus larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae). Verh Int Verein Limmol. Vol. 28, Pp. 1041-1045. Note:  cited from Gardarsson et al. 2004.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid501' >Ingvason et al. 2002</a>
  • Ingvason, H. R., Olafsson, J. S., Gardarsson, A. and Jonsdottir, R. (2006): Diapause and fat condition of Tanytarsus gracilentus larvae in a sub-arctzic lake. Verh. int. Verein. theor. angew. Limnol. Vol. 29, Pp. 1316-1320. Note:  cited from Hoffrichter 2007.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid495' >Ingvason et al. 2006</a>
  • Internet: from Internet.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid18' >Internet</a>
    •  J    ^ up ^
  • Jackson, G. A. (1977): Nearctic and Palaearctic Paracladopelma Harnisch and Saetheria n. gen. (Diptera: Chironomidae). Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Vol. 34, Pp. 1321-1359. Note:  cited from Epler 2001.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid292' >Jackson 1977</a>
  • Johannsen, O. A. (1905): Aquatic nematocerous Diptera II. In Needham, J. G., Morton, K. J. & Johannsen, O. A., May flies and midges of New York. Third report on aquatic insects.. New York State Museum, Bulletin. Vol. 86, Pp. 76-331. Note:  cited from http://www.catalogueoflife.org/ .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid328' >Johannsen 1905</a>
  • Johannsen, O. A. (1908): New North American Chironomidae. In: E. P. Felt (ed.), 23rd report of the State Entomologist on injurious and other insects of the State New York, 1907. N.Y. St. Mus. Bull. Vol. 124, Pp. 5-541. Note:  cited from Internet.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid420' >Johannsen 1908</a>
  • Johannsen (1921): No title in database
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  • Johannsen, O. A. (1928): Two new species of western chironomids. Journal of Entomology and Zoology. Vol. 20, 33–35 P. Note:  cited from Stur and Ekrem 2006.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid471' >Johannsen 1928</a>
  • Johannsen, O. A. (1932): Chironominae of the Malayan Subregion of the Dutch East Indies. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement. Vol. 11, Pp. 503-552. Note:  cited from Cranston 2007.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid388' >Johannsen 1932</a>
  • Johannsen, O. A. (1937): Aquatic Diptera. Part III. Chironomidae: Subfamilies Tanypodinae, Diamesinae and Orthocladiinae. Memoir Cornell Agricultural Experiment Station. Vol. 205, Pp. 3-84.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid424' >Johannsen 1937</a>
  • Johnson, R.K. and Pejler, B. (1978): Life histories and coexistance of the two profundal Chironomus species in lage Erken, Sweden. Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement. Vol. 29, Pp. 233-238. Note:  cited from Vallenduuk 1997.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid461' >Johnson and Pejler 1978</a>
    •  K    ^ up ^
  • Kalugina, N. S. (1963): Systematics and developement of Glyptotendipes glaucus Mg. and G. gripekonveni Kieff. (Diptera Chironomidae). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie. Vol. 42, Pp. 889-908. Note:  cited from Moller-Pillot et al. 1997 (Russian).
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid300' >Kalugina 1963</a>
  • Kalugina, N. S. (1975): A key to the genus Glyptotendipes (Diptera, Chironomidae) in water bodies of the Moscow district). Zoologicheskii Journal (Зоологически Журнал). Vol. 54, Pp. 1820-1837. Note:  cited from Moller-Pillot et al. 1997.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid423' >Kalugina 1975</a>
  • Kalugina, N. S. (1979): Morpho-ecological groups of the genus Glyptotendipes Kieffer (Diptera Chironomidae) - Ecological and morphological principles of Diptera systematics. (Editor: Nartshuk ed., Leningrad). Zool.Inst.Acad Nauk SSSR. Note:  cited from Moller-Pillot et al. 1997 (Russian).
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid301' >Kalugina 1979</a>
  • Kawai, K. (1991): Seven new chironomid species (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Japan. Japanese Journal of Limnology. Vol. 52, Pp. 161--171.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid413' >Kawai 1991</a>
  • Kieffer, J. J. (1906): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid326' >Kieffer 1906</a>
  • Kieffer, J. J. (1909): No title in database Note:  not checked for eg.

    Thienemannia gracilis Kieffer 1909

    .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid438' >Kieffer 1909</a>
  • Kieffer, J. J. (1911): No title in database Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France. Note:  Reference for Chaetocladius from http://www.ubio.org/NZ/ .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid366' >Kieffer 1911</a>
  • Kieffer, J. J. (1912): Tendipedidae (Chironomidae) [Dipt]. Formaosa Ausbeute. Supplta. ent. Vol. 1 Note:  cited from Epler 1988a.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid381' >Kieffer 1912</a>
  • Kieffer, J. J. (1915): No title in database Brotéria. Vol. 13, 70 P. Note:  cited from http://www.ubio.org/NZ/search.php .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid440' >Kieffer 1915</a>
  • Kieffer, J. J. (1916): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid307' >Kieffer 1916</a>
  • Kieffer, J. J. (1921a): No title in database Bull. Soc. H. n. Moselle. Vol. 29, 90 P. Note:  not checked for Acricotopus see http://www.ubio.org/NZ/search.php .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid473' >Kieffer 1921a</a>
  • Kieffer, J. J. (1921b): Notes sur quelques Chironomides etranges habitant les lacs de Schleswig-Holstein. Assoc. franc. p. l'avancement des sciences (1920). Pp. 327-331. Note:  not checked for Thienemanniola ploenensis KIEFFER 1921: 328-329.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid479' >Kieffer 1921b</a>
  • Kieffer, J. J. (1922): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid275' >Kieffer 1922</a>
  • Kieffer, J. J. (1923): No title in database Note:  multiple references are given by http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2007/show_reference_details.php?record_id=466572 .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid367' >Kieffer 1923</a>
  • Kieffer, J. J. (1926): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid368' >Kieffer 1926</a>
  • Kieffer, J. J. (1915): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid373' >Kieffer in Potthast 1915</a>
  • Kiknadze, I. I., Wang, X., Istomina, A. G. and Gunderina, L. I. (2005): An new Chironomus species of the plumosus sibiling-group (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China. Aquatic Insects. Vol. 27, No. 3, Pp. 199-211. e-mail: xhwang at nankai dot edu dot cn. Adress: to Xinhua Wang, Department of Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid285' >Kiknadze 2005</a>
  • Kiknadze, I. I., Shilova, A.I., Kerkis, I.E., Shobanov, N.A., Zelentsov, N.I., Grebenyuk, L.P., Istomina, A.G., Prasolov, V.A. (1991): Кариотип и морфология личинок трибы Chironomini. Атлас. (The karyotypes and morphology of larvae of tribi Chironimini. Atlas.). Наука. Новосибирск. (Nauka. Novosibirsk.). 115 P. Note:  cited from Vallenduuk 1997.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid462' >Kiknadze et al. 1991</a>
  • Kitagawa, N. (2003): Taxonomic studies on Chironomid larvae (5). Tansuiseibutsu. Vol. 88, Pp. 1-155. Note:  in Japanese.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid348' >Kitagawa 2003</a>
  • Kitagawa, N. (2004): Taxonomic studies on Chironomid larvae (6). Tansuiseibutsu. Vol. 89, Pp. 1-124. Note:  in Japanese.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid349' >Kitagawa 2004</a>
  • Klink, A. G. (1982): Het Genus Micropsectra Kieffer. Een Taxonomische-en oekologische Studie. Medeklinker. Vol. 2, 1–59 P. Note:  cited from Stur and Ekrem 2006.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid281' >Klink 1982</a>
  • Klink, A. G. (1983): Key to the dutch larvae of Paratanytarsus Thienemann & Bause with a note on the ecology and the phylogenetic relations. Orgaan van Hydrobiologisch Adviesburo ir. A.G. Klink, Medeklinker Nr.3, juni 1983. Pp. 1-36.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid14' >Klink 1983</a>
  • Klink, A. G. and Moller-Pillot, H. K. M. (2003): Chironomidae Larvae - Key to the Higher Taxa and Species of the Lowlands of Northwestern Europe. Version: 1.0. CD-Key. ISBN: 90-75000-58-8. Link: http://www.eti.uva.nl/.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid12' >Klink and Moller-Pillot 2003</a>
  • Klink, A. G., Moller-Pillot, H. K. M. and Vallenduuk, H. J. (2002): Determinatiesleutel voor de larven van de in Nederland voorkomende soorten Polypedilum. Utrecht : STOWA, ISBN: 9057731606. No. 06, 18 P. Link: http://library.wur.nl/ebooks/STOWArapporten/1660460.pdf.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid390' >Klink et al. 2002</a>
  • Kobayashi, T. (1994): Synonymic notes on a genus and a species of the Orthocladiinae (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Japan. Japanese Journal of Entomology. Vol. 62, No. 4, Pp. 745-746. Link: http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110004022333/en/. Note:  Pseudobrillia komorii is a synonym of Neobrillia longistyla.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid411' >Kobayashi 1994</a>
  • Kobayashi, T. (2007): Kloosia Kruseman, Chernovskiia Sæther, Robackia Sæther, and Sætheria Jackson (Chironomidae: Chironominae) in Japan. Zootaxa. Vol. 1527, Pp. 1-15.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid347' >Kobayashi 2007</a>
  • Korhola, A., Olander, H. and Blom, T. (2000): Cladoceran and chironomid assemblages as quantitative indicators of water depth in subarctic Fennoscandian lakes. Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 24, Pp. 43--54.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid515' >Korhola et al. 2000</a>
  • Korhola, A., Vasko, K., Toivonen, H. T. T. and Olander, H. (2002): Holocene temperature changes in northern Fennoscandia reconstructed from chironomids using Bayesian modelling. Quaternary Science Reviews. Vol. 21, Pp. 1841-1860.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid516' >Korhola et al. 2002</a>
  • Kravtsova, L. (2007): Chironomid communities in the littoral zone on the western coast of the southern Baikal basin (structure, distribution, seasona dynamics). CHIRONOMUS Newsletter on Chironomidae Research. No. 20, Pp. 24-29. November . Note:  ISSN 0172-1941.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid488' >Kravtsova 2007</a>
  • Kuhl, F. P. and Giardina, C. R. (1982): Elliptic Fourier features of a closed contour. Vol. 18, No. 3, Pp. 236-258.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid456' >Kuhl and Giardina 1982</a>
  • Kurek, J. and Cwynar, L. (2009): The potential of site-specific and local chironomid-based inference models for reconstructing past lake levels. Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 42, No. 1, Pp. 37--50.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid541' >Kurek and Cwynar 2009</a>
    •  L    ^ up ^
  • Langdon, P. G.: Icelandic subfossil chironomids. Link: http://www.ex.ac.uk/geography/research/chironomids/chironomids.html. Note:  seems deleted.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid24' >Langdon (www)</a>
  • Langton, P. H., and Cranston, P. S. (1991): Pupae in nomenclature and identification: West Palaearctic Orthocladius s. str. (Diptera: Chironomidae) revised. Systematic Entomology. Vol. 16, 239 – 252 P. Link: http://entomology.ucdavis.edu/chiropage/SystEnt16.pdf.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid372' >Langton and Cranston 1991</a>
  • Langton, Peter H. and Jesús, C. (1999): Changes in chironomid assemblage composition in two Mediterranean mountain streams over a period of extreme hydrological conditions. Hydrobiologia. Vol. 390, Pp. 37-49.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid487' >Langton and Jesús 1999</a>
  • Larocque, I., Hall, R. I. and Grahn, E. (2001): Chironomids as Indicators of Climate Change: A 100-Lake Training Set from a Subarctic Region of Northern Sweden (Lapland). Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 26, Pp. 307--322.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid518' >Larocque et al. 2001</a>
  • Laville, H. (1971): Recherches sur les chironomides (Diptera) lacustres du Massif de Néouvielle (Hautes-Pyrénées). Annales de Limnologie. Vol. 7, Pp. 173-332.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid297' >Laville 1971</a>
  • Lawton, J. H. and Jones, C. G. (1995): Linking species and ecosystems: organisms as ecosystem engineers. (Editors: Jones C. G. and Lawton, J. H.). In: Linking Species and Ecosystems. 141–150 P.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid486' >Lawton and Jones 1995</a>
  • Lehmann, J. (1973): Systematische and phylogenetische Studie über die Gattungen Thienemanniola Kieffer and Corynocera Zetterstedt (Diptera, Chironomidae). Hydrobiologia. Vol. 43, Pp. 381-414. Note:  In German.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid478' >Lehmann 1973</a>
  • Lindeberg (1970): No title in database Note:  reference for Corynocera oliveri.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid467' >Lindeberg 1970</a>
  • Lindegaard, C (1979): The invertebrate fauna of Lake Myvatn, Iceland. Oikos. No. 32, Pp. 151-161. Note:  cited from Gardarsson et al. 2004.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid500' >Lindegaard 1979</a>
  • Lindegaard, C. and Jónasson, P. M. (1975): Life cycles of Chironomus hyperboreus Staeger and Tanytarsus gracilentus (Holmgren) (Chironomidae, Diptera) Lake Mývatn, Northern Iceland. Verh. int. Verein. theor. angew. Limnol. Vol. 19, Pp. 3155-3163. Note:  cited from Pinder 1986.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid538' >Lindegaard and Jónasson 1975</a>
  • Linevich, A.A. (1977): Хирономиды Байкала и Прибайкалья и положение Diamesinae в системе семейства. [Chironomidae of Lake Baikal and the surrounding area and position of Diamesinae in the family system]. In: Систематика и эволюция двукрылых насекомых. [Systematics and evolution of Diptera (Insecta)] Zoological Institute Acad. Sci. USSR, Leningrad, Nauka (Identification books of the USSR fauna). Pp. 52-57. Note:  cited from Pinder and Reiss 1983 not checked for Sergentia.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid472' >Linevich 1977</a>
  • Linné, C. (1758): Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Holmiæ. (Laurentii Salvii). Pp. 1-824. Note:  not checked for Ablabesmyia monilis.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid258' >Linné 1758</a>
  • Linné, C. (1767): Systema naturæ, Tom. I. Pars II.. Editio duodecima reformata. Holmiæ. (Laur. Salvii). Vol. 2?, Pp. 533-1327. Link: 1?. Note:  cited from http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/ .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid386' >Linné 1767</a>
  • Lipina (1939): No title in database Note:  not checked for Zalutschia zalutschicola Lipina 1939.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid468' >Lipina 1939</a>
  • Little, J. L. and Smol, J. P. (2001): A chironomid--based model for inferring late---summer hypolimnetic oxygen in southeastern Ontario lakes. Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 26, No. 3, Pp. 259--270.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid533' >Little and Smol 2001</a>
  • Loew, H. (1866): Diptera Americae Septentrionalis indigena Centuria septima. Berlin Entomologische Zeitschrift. Vol. 10, Pp. 1-54. Note:  cited from Roback 1980.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid426' >Loew 1866</a>
  • Lotter, A. F., Birks, H. J. B., Hofman, W. and Marchetto, A. (1997): Modern diatom, cladocera, chironomid, and chrysophyte cyst assemblages as quantitative indicators for the reconstruction of past environmental conditions in the Alps. I. Climate. Journal of Paleolimnology. No. 18, Pp. 395-420. Note:  TP gradient for chironomids.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid506' >Lotter et al. 1997</a>
  • Lundström, C. (1915): Diptera Nematocera aus den arctischen Gegenden Sibiriens. Zap. Imp. Akad. Nauk. Vol. 29, Pp. 1 - 33.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid354' >Lundström 1915</a>
  • Luoto, T. P. (2009): Subfossil Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) along a latitudinal gradient in Finland: development of a new temperature inference model. Journal of Quaternary Science. Vol. 24, Pp. 150--158. Note:  ISSN 0267-8179.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid534' >Luoto 2009</a>
    •  M    ^ up ^
  • Mackey, A. P. (1977): Growth and development of larval Chironomidae. Oikos. Vol. 28, Pp. 270-275. Note:  cited from Pinder 1986.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid483' >Mackey 1977</a>
  • Macquart, J. (1834): Histoire naturelle des insectes: Diptères. Roret. Note:  cited from http://scholar.google.de/ .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid402' >Macquart 1834</a>
  • Makarchenko, E. A. (1982): Хирономиды рода Protanypus Kieffer (Diptera, Chironomidae) Дальнего Востока СССР [Chironomids of the genus Protanypus Kieffer (Diptera, Chironomidae) from the far east of the USSR]. Там же. Pp. 124-144. Link: http://www.biosoil.ru/tendipes/biogr.htm#makar.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid323' >Makarchenko 1982</a>
  • Makarchenko, E. A. (1983): Arctodiamesa gen.nov. ─ a new genus of Diamesinae (Diptera, Chironomidae). Proceedings of the 10th Syposium of the Biological Problems of the North. Part 2. Magadan, Russia. 264 P. Note:  in Russian.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid351' >Makarchenko 1983</a>
  • Makarchenko (1985): No title in database
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid358' >Makarchenko 1985</a>
  • Makarchenko, E. A. (1999): Key to freshwater invertebrates of Russia and adjacent lands. (Editor: Tsalolikhin, S.J.). St. Petersburg, Zool. Inst. Russian Academy of Sciences. Vol. 4, Pp. 1-998.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid22' >Makarchenko 1999</a>
  • Makarchenko, E. A. (2003): A new species of Psectrocladius Kieffer (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) from the south of Russian Far East. Euroasian Entomological Journal. Vol. 2, No. 1, Pp. 61-66. Link: http://www.tendipes.febras.ru/makar3.pdf.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid32' >Makarchenko 2003</a>
  • Makarchenko, E. A. (2005): A new species of Arctodiamesa Makarchenko (Diptera: Chironomidae: Diamesinae) from the Russian Far East, with key to known species of the genus. Zootaxa. Vol. 1084, Pp. 59-64.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid352' >Makarchenko 2005</a>
  • Makarchenko, E. A. (2006): In: Key to the insects of Russian Far East. Diptera and Siphonaptera. Pt. 4. (Определитель насекомых Дальнего Востока России). (Editor: Лелей, А. С. (Leleij, A. C.)). ISBN 5-8044-0686-8. Vol. VI, 934 P. Note:  in Russian.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid448' >Makarchenko 2006</a>
  • Makarchenko, E. A. and Kobayashi, T. (1997): Diamesa amanoi sp. п., a new species of Diamesinae (Diptera Chironomidae) from Nepal, with notes on taxonomy and distribution of some Diamesa Meigen. Med. Entomol. Zool. Vol. 48, No. 1, Pp.  45-48. Link: http://www.biosoil.ru/tendipes/makar5.pdf.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid437' >Makarchenko and Kobayashi 1997</a>
  • Makarchenko, E. A. and Makarchenko, M. A. (2000): Revision of Pagastia Oliver, 1959 (Diptera, Chironomidae) of the holarctic region. (Editor: Odwin Hoffrichter). Late 20th century research on Chironomidae: An Anthology from the 13th International Symposion on Chironomidae (Shaker Verlag, Aachen). Pp. 171-176.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid321' >Makarchenko and Makarchenko 2000</a>
  • Makarchenko, E. A. and Makarchenko, M. A. (2003a): A new and little known species of Stilocladius Rossaro, 1979 (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) from the Russian Far East. Euroasian Entomological Journal. Vol. 2, No. 2, Pp. 135-140. Link: http://www.biosoil.ru/tendipes/makar4.pdf. Note:  the presence in China is probably.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid542' >Makarchenko and Makarchenko 2003a</a>
  • Makarchenko, E. A. and Makarchenko, M. A. (2003b): A new and little-known species of chironomids (Diptera, Chironomidae) from the Russian far east. ЧТЕНИЯ ПАМЯТИ ВЛАДИМИРА ЯКОВЛЕВИЧА ЛЕВАНИДОВА (Vladimir Ya. Levanidov's Biennial Memorial Meetings). Pp. 204-216. Link: http://www.tendipes.febras.ru/makar7.pdf. e-mail: emakar at ibss dot dvo dot ru. Adress: Биолого-почвенный институт ДВО РАН, пр. 100 лет Владивостоку, 159, Владивосток, 690022, Россия.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid262' >Makarchenko and Makarchenko 2003b</a>
  • Makarchenko, E. A. and Makarchenko, M. A. (2005): Chironomids of the genus Rheocricotopus Thienemann et Harnisch, 1932 (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) of the Russian Far East. Euroasian Entomological Journal. Vol. 4, No. 2, 125–136 P. Link: http://www.tendipes.febras.ru/makar12.pdf.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid271' >Makarchenko and Makarchenko 2005</a>
  • Makarchenko, E. A. and Makarchenko, M. A. (2006): A new species of Orthcladius van der Wulp, 1874 (Diptera, Chironomidae) of Russian Far East. Euroasian Entomological Journal. Vol. 5, No. 1, Pp. 57-67. Link: http://www.biosoil.ru/tendipes/makar12.pdf. e-mail: emakar at ibss dot dvo dot ru.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid324' >Makarchenko and Makarchenko 2006</a>
  • Malloch, J. R. (1915): The Chironomidae, or midges of Illinois, with particular reference to the species occurring in the Illinois River. Bull. Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist. Vol. 10, Pp. 277-543. Note:  cited from Curry 1958.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid272' >Malloch 1915</a>
  • Meigen, J. W. (1804): Klassifikazion und Beschreibung der europäischen zweiflügligen Insekten. (Diptera Linn.). Braunschweig. (Reichard). Vol. 1, No. 1, Pp. I-XXVIII, 1-152. Note:  Erster Band, erste Abtheilung, mit VIII Kupfertafeln, cited from http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/home/reference?id=2092 .
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  • Meigen, J. W. (1818): Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen zweiflügeligen Insekten. Aachen. (Forstmann). Vol. 1, Pp. I-XXXVI [= 1-36], 1-324. Note:  Erster Theil mit elf Kupfertafeln. Cited from http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/search .
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  • Meigen, J. W. (1830): Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen zweiflügeligen Insekten. Sechster Theil mit zwölf Kupfertafeln. Hamm. (Schulz). Vol. 6, Pp. 1-401. Note:  citet from http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/ .
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  • Meigen, J. W. (1838): Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Siebenter Theil oder Supplementband. Schultz, Hamm. Vol. 7, Pp. I-XII [= 1-12], 1-434. Note:  cited from http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/search .
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  • Meriläinen, J. J., Hynynen, J., Teppo, A., Palomäki, A., Granberg, K. and Reinikainen, P. (2000): Importance of diffuse nutrient loading and lake level changes to the eutrophication of an originally oligotrophic boreal lake: a palaeolimnological diatom and chironomid analysis. Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 24, Pp. 251-270.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid508' >Meriläinen et al. 2000</a>
  • Millet, L. (2002): Photographies de chironomes. Décembre . Link: http://chrono-eco.univ-fcomte.fr/Public/Cours/Millet_Laurent/Chironomes/.
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  • Moller-Pillot, H. K. M. (1984a): De larven der Nederlandse Chironomidae (Diptera) (Inleiding, Tanypodinae & Chironomini). Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen. Vol. 1A, Pp. 1-277.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid34' >Moller-Pillot 1984a</a>
  • Moller-Pillot, H. K. M. (1984b): De larven van de Nederlandse Chironomidae (Diptera) (Orthocladiinae sensu lato). Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen. Vol. 1B
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  • Moller-Pillot, H. K. M. (1990): Key to larvae of Paratanytarsus, encountered in the Netherlands by A.Klink (1983), revised by H.Moller-Pillot (1990). Note:  a paper sheet in Klink 1983.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid393' >Moller-Pillot 1990</a>
  • Moller-Pillot, H. K. M. and Goddeeris, B. R. (2001): Identificatiesleutel voor Tanytarsus larven van Nederland en België. Script of determination course (3.-6.9.2002 Bad Bevensen - Germany).
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  • Moller-Pillot, H. K. M. and Wiersma, S. M. (1997): De larven van het geslacht Einfeldia Kieffer, 1924: nomenclatuur en tabel tot de soorten (Diptera: Chironomidae). Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen. Vol. 7, Pp. 11-17.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid19' >Moller-Pillot and Wiersma 1997</a>
  • Moller-Pillot, H. K. M., Vallenduuk, H. J. and bij de Vaate, A. (1997): Bijdrage tot den kennis over de Nederlandse Chironomidae (vedermuggen): de larven van het genus Glyptotendipes in West-Europa. Lelystad, Rijksinstituut voor Integraal Zoetwaterbeheer & Afvalwaterbehandeling, rapport nr. 97.053, ISBN 9036951003.
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  • Morozova, E. E. (2000): The volga region species of Cryptochironomus ex gr. defectus Kieffer (Diptera, Chironomidae): problems of diagostics. Late 20th century research on Chironomidae: An Anthology from the 13th International Symposion on Chironomidae (Shaker Verlag, Aachen). Pp. 193 - 196.
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  • Morozova, E. E. (2004): A Review of Larvae and Pupae of the Midge Genus Cryptochironomus Kieffer (Diptera, Chironomidae). Entomological Review (English Translation of Entomologicheskoye Obozreniye ISSN 0367-1445). Vol. 84, No. 6, Pp. 696-703. Link: http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=journal&issn;=0013-8738.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid311' >Morozova 2004</a>
    •  N    ^ up ^
  • NHM Collection: different authors: Chironomidae Collection. Natural History Museum (London) at S.Brooks. Note:  pictures from visitation Oct 2007.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid314' >NHM Collection (London)</a>
  • Niitsuma, H. (1991): A new genus and species of the primitive Orthocladiinae (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Japan. Japanese Journal of Entomology. Vol. 59, No. 4, Pp. 707-716. Link: http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110004022019/en/.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid412' >Niitsuma 1991</a>
    •  O    ^ up ^
  • Olafsson, J. S. (1990): Food of Chironomidae (Diptera) larvae in Lake Myvatn. Nature Conservation Council, Reykjavik, Iceland. Report. No. 23 Note:  In Icelandic, English summary, cited from Gardarsson et al. 2004.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid499' >Olafsson 1990</a>
  • Ólafsson, J. S., Einarsson, A., Gardarsson, A., Halldórsdóttir, A. and Snorrason, S, S. (2003): Chironomid larve and the green algae Cladophorales; a tale from a sub-arctic lake. (Editor: Ferrington, Leonard C. Jr.). In: XV International Symposion on Chironomidae, University Minesota (Abstracts). 57 P.
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  • Olander, H., Birks, H. J. B., Korhola, A. and Blom, T. (1999): An expanded calibration model for inferring lakewater and air temperatures from fossil chironomid assemblages in northern Fennoscandia. The Holocene. Vol. 9, No. 3, Pp. 279-294.
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  • Oliver, D. R. (1959): Some Diamesini from the Nearctic and Palaearctic. Entomologisk Tidskrift. Vol. 80, Pp. 48-64.
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  • Oliver, D. R. (1976): Chironomidae (Diptera) of Char Lake, Cornwallis Island, N.W.T., with descriptions of two new species. Can. Ent. Vol. 108, Pp. 1053-1064. Note:  cited from Porinchu et al. 2002.
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  • Oliver, D. R. (1983): The larvae of Diamesinae (Diptera:Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region. (Editor: Wiederholm, T.). Chironomidae of Holarctic region - Keys and diagnoses (Part 1 - Larvae), Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement. Vol. 1, Pp. 115-140.
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  • Oliver, D. R. and Roussel, M. E. (1983): The Genera of Larval Midges of Canada. Diptera: Chironomidae. In: The Insects and Arachnids of Canada. Biosystematics Research Institute Ottawa, Ontario. Publication 1746. Vol. 11, 263 P.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid4' >Oliver and Roussel 1983</a>
  • Oliver, D. R., McClymont, D. and Roussel, M. E. (1978): A key to some larvae of Chironomidae (Diptera) from the Mackenzie and Porcupine River Watersheds. Fisheries and Marine Service, Technical Report. Vol. 791, Pp. 1-73. August .
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid287' >Oliver et al. 1978</a>
    •  P    ^ up ^
  • Paasivirta, L. (1972): Taxonomy, ecology and swarming behaviour of Tanytarsus gracilentus Holmgr.(Diptera, Chironomidae) in Valassaaret, Gulf of Bothnia, Finland. Annales Zoologici Fennici. Vol. 9, Pp. 255-264.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid404' >Paasivirta 1972</a>
  • Pankratova (1968): No title in database
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  • Pankratova, V. Y. (1983): Larvae and pupae of non-biting midges of the subfamily Chironominae (Diptera, Chironomidae-Tendipedidae) of the USSR fauna.. Opredeliteli po faune SSSR. Vol. 134, Pp. 1-295. Note:  in Russian cited from Moller-Pillot et al. 1997.
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  • Pinder, L. C. V. (1976a): Micropsectra aristata, a new species of chironomid (Dipt. Nematocera) from southern England. Hydrobiologia. Vol. 51, 275–280 P. Note:  cited from Stur and Ekrem 2006.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid282' >Pinder 1976a</a>
  • Pinder, L. C. V. (1976b): Morphology of adult and juvenile stages of Microtendipes rydalensis (Edw) comb-nov (Diptera, Chironomidae). Hydrobiologia. Vol. 48, No. 2, Pp. 179-184.
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  • Pinder, L. C. V. (1986): Biology of freshwater Chironomidae. Annual Review of Entomology. Vol. 31, Pp. 1-23.
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  • Pinder, L. C. V. and Reiss, F. (1983): The larvae of Chironominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region. (Editor: Wiederholm, T.). Chironomidae of Holarctic region - Keys and diagnoses (Part 1 - Larvae), Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement. Vol. 19, Pp. 293-436.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid2' >Pinder and Reiss 1983</a>
  • Plank, A.: Pictures, Annotations in this program and characteristics of chironomidae. This program. e-mail: andreas dot plank at web dot de. Adress: Free University Belin, Malteserstraße 74-100, House D, 12249 Berlin. Note:  mostly you will see the timestamp.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid296' >Plank (annote)</a>
  • Plank, A.: Photos from Robackia (from river Elbe - Germany). e-mail: andreas dot plank at web dot de. Adress: FU Berlin, Institut f. Geologische Wissenschaften, FB Palaeontologie, Malteserstr. 74-100, Haus D, 12249 Berlin, Germany.
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  • Porinchu, D. F. and Cwynar, L. C. (2000): The distribution of freshwater Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) across treeline near the lower Lena River, northeast Siberia. Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. Vol. 32, Pp. 429-437. Note:  cited from Porinchu et al. 2002.
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  • Porinchu, D. F. and Cwynar, L. C. (2002): Late-Quaternary history of midge communities and climate from a tundra site near the lower Lena River, Northeast Siberia. Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 27, Pp. 59-69.
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  • Porinchu, D. F., MacDonald, G. M., Bloom, A. M. and Moser, K. A. (2002): The modern distribution of chironomid sub-fossils (Insecta: Diptera) in the Sierra Nevada, California: Potential for paleoclimatic reconstructions. Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 28, No. 355-375
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  • Potthast, A. (1914): Über die Metamorphose der Orthocladius-Gruppe. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Chironomiden. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement. Vol. 2, Pp. 243-376.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid409' >Potthast 1914</a>
  • Proviz, V. I. and Proviz, L. I. (1999): Guide and key to chironomid larvae of the genus Sergentia from lake Baikal. Guides and keys to identification of fauna and flora of lake Baikal (ISBN 5-7692-0263-7).
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid36' >Proviz and Proviz 1999</a>
    •  Q    ^ up ^
  • Qi, X. and Wang, X. (2006): A review of Microtendipes Kieffer from China (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa. Vol. 1108, 37 – 51 P. e-mail: xhwang at nankai dot edu dot cn. Adress: College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. Correspondence Xinhua Wang.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid394' >Qi and Wang 2006</a>
    •  R    ^ up ^
  • Reiss, F. (1968): Neue Chironomiden-Arten (Diptera) aus Nepal.. Khumbu Himal (former named Ergebnisse des Forschungsunternehmens Nepal Himalaya). Vol. 3, Pp. 55-73. Note:  cited from Zelentsov 1989 due to description of Acricotopus longipalpus.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid453' >Reiss 1968</a>
  • Reiss, F. (1988): Die Gattung Kloosia Krusemann, 1933, mit der Neubeschreibung zweier Arten (Diptera, Chironomidae). Spixiana Supplement. Vol. 14, Pp. 35-44.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid346' >Reiss 1988</a>
  • Renberg, I. and Hellberg, T. (1982): The pH history of lakes in southwestern Sweden, as calculated from the subfossil diatom flora of the sediment. Ambio. Vol. 11, 30–33 P. Note:  cited from Meriläinen et al. 2000.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid509' >Renberg and Hellberg 1982</a>
  • Rieradevall, M. and Brooks, S. J. (2001): An identification guide to subfossil Tanypodinae larvae (Insecta: Diptera: Chironomidae) based on cephalic setation. Journal of Paleolimnology. Vol. 25, Pp. 81-99.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid15' >Rieradevall and Brooks 2001</a>
  • Roback, S. S. (1959): The subgenus Ablabesmyia of Pentaneura (Diptera, Tendipedidae, Pelopiinae) . Transactions of the American Entomological Society, Philadelphia. Vol. 85, Pp. 113-135.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid331' >Roback 1959</a>
  • Roback, S. S. (1975a): A New Subgenus and Species of the Genus Tanytarsus (Chironomidae: Chironominae: Tanytarsini). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Vol. 127, Pp. 71-80. Link: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0097-3157%281975%29127%3C71%3AANSASO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Y.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid392' >Roback 1975a</a>
  • Roback, S. S. (1975b): The Immature Chironomids of the Eastern United States I. Introduction and Tanypodinae-Coelotanypodini. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Vol. 127, Pp. 147-201. Link: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0097-3157%281975%29127%3C147%3ATICOTE%3E2.0.CO%3B2-M. Note:  Clinotanypus pinguis and C.aureus are described.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid421' >Roback 1975b</a>
  • Roback, S. S. (1977): The Immature Chironomids of the Eastern United States II. Tanypodinae: Tanypodini. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Vol. 128, No. 5 Link: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0097-3157%281976%29128%3C55%3ATICOTE%3E2.0.CO%3B2-T.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid385' >Roback 1977</a>
  • Roback, S. S. (1978): The Immature Chironomids of the Eastern United States III. Tanypodinae- Anatopyniini, Macropelopiini and Natarsiini. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Vol. 129, No. 11, 151 – 202 P. Link: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0097-3157%281977%29129%3C151%3ATICOTE%3E2.0.CO%3B2-L.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid384' >Roback 1978</a>
  • Roback, S. S. (1980): The Immature Chironomids of the Eastern United States IV. Tanypodinae-Procladiini. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Vol. 132, Pp. 1-63. Link: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0097-3157%281980%29132%3C1%3ATICOTE%3E2.0.CO%3B2-8.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid387' >Roback 1980</a>
  • Roback, S. S. (1982): The identity of Ablabesmyia sp. Roback, Bereza, and Vidrine (1980) (Diptera: Chironomidae). Entomological News. Vol. 93, 1315 P.
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  • Roback, S. S. (1985): The Immature Chironomids of the Eastern United States VI. Pentaneurini-Genus Ablabesmyia. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Vol. 137, No. 2, Pp. 153-212.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid333' >Roback 1985</a>
  • Roback, S. S. (1989): The Larval Development of Djalmabatista pulcher (Joh.) (Diptera: Chironomidae: Tanypodinae). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Vol. 141, Pp. 73-84. Link: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0097-3157%281989%29141%3C73%3ATLDODP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-7.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid419' >Roback 1989</a>
  • Roback, S. S., Coffman, W. P. (1987): Results of the Nepal Alpine Zone Research Project, Chironomidae (Diptera). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Vol. 139, No. 1, Pp. 87-158. Link: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0097-3157%281987%29139%3A1%3C87%3AROTNAZ%3E2.0.CO%3B2-8.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid379' >Roback and Coffman 1987</a>
  • Roback, S. S. and Tennessen, K. J. (1978): The Immature Stages of Djalmabatista pulcher [= Procladius (Calotanypus) pulcher (Job.)]. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Vol. 130, Pp. 11-20. Link: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0097-3157%281978%29130%3C11%3ATISODP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-T.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid418' >Roback and Tennessen 1978</a>
  • Rossaro, B. (1985): Revision of the genus Polypedilum Kieffer, 1912. I. Key to adults, pupae and larvae of the species known to occur in Italy. Memorie della Società Entomologica Italiana. Vol. 62/63, Pp. 3-23.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid340' >Rossaro 1985</a>
  • Rossaro, B., Delettre, Y.R. (1992): Description of Smittia celtica, n. sp. (Diptera, Chironomidae). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. Vol. 28, 365–370 P. Note:  cited from Delettre 2000.
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid476' >Rossaro and Delettre 1992</a>
  • Rossaro, B., Lencioni, V., Boggero, A. and Marziali, L. (2004): Chironomids from running waters of southern Alps: notes on taxonomy, ecology, biogeography. Pp. 1--38. Link: http://users.unimi.it/~roma1999/122Ross_Bogg_Lenc.pdf. Note:  This paper has not been submitted elsewhere in identical or similar form, nor will it be during the first three months after its submission to Hydrobiologia. Measurements with given minimum + maximum..
    Permanent link to this reference: <a class='reference' href='http://chironomidaeproject.com/references.html#refid536' >Rossaro et al. 2004</a>
  • Rossaro, B., Lencioni, V., Boggero, A. and Marziali, L. (2006): Chironomids from southern Alpine running waters: ecology, biogeography. Hydrobiologia. Vol. 562, No. 1, Pp. 231-246.
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    •  S    ^ up ^
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  • Sæther, O. A. and Schnell, Ø. A. (1988): Two new species of the Rheocricotopus (R.) effusus group (Diptera, Chironomidae). Spixiana Supplement. Vol. 14, Pp. 65-74. Note:  cited from http://insects.ummz.lsa.umich.edu/~ethanbr/chiro/Books-Bibs/saethref.html .
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  • Sæther, O. A. and Wang, X. (1993): Xiaomyia, Shangomyia and Zhouomyia, three new and unusual genera of Chironomini from Oriental China (Diptera: Chironomidae). Entomologica Scandinavica. Vol. 24, Pp. 185-195. Link: http://www.zmuc.dk/EntoWeb/InSysEvol/.
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  • Sæther, O. A. and Wang, X. (1995): Revision of the genus Paraphaenocladius Thienemann, 1924 of the world (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement. Vol. 48, 3–69 P.
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  • Schmid, P. E. (1993): A Key to the larval Chironomidae and their instars from Austrian Danube Region streams and rivers, Part I, Diamesinae, Prodiamesinae and Orthocladinae. ISBN: 3-900672-92-X. Pp. 1-513.
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  • Schmidl, J., Sulzer, P. and Kitching, R. L. (2008): The insect assemblage in water filled tree-holes in a European temperate deciduous forest: community composition reflects structural, trophic and physicochemical factors. Hydrobiologia. Vol. 598, No. 1, Pp. 285-303. February .
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  • Schnell, Ø. A., Rieradevall, M., Granados, I., Hanssen, O. (1999): A chironomid taxa coding system for use in ecological and palaeoecological databases. NIVA (Norway), Technical Report . No. 3710-97 Note:  ISBN 82-577-3276-1.
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  • Shilova, A.I. (1980): K sistematike roda Einfeldia Kieff. (Diptera, Chironomidae) [To the systematic of genus Einfeldia Kieff.]. Trudy Instituta Biologii Vnutrennikh Vod [Труды институт биологии внутренних вод] . Vol. 41, Pp. 162-191. Note:  cited from Vallenduuk 1997.
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  • Simpson, K. W., Bode, R. W. and Albu, P. (1983): Key for the genus Cricotopus adapted from "Revision der Gattung Cricotopus van der Wulp und ihrer Verwandten (Diptera, Chironomidae)" by M-Hirvenoja. New York State Museum, Bulletin. No. 450, Pp. 1-131.
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  • Skuse, F. A. A. (1889): Diptera of Australia. The Chironomidae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales (Ser. 2). Vol. VI, Pp. 215-311. Note:  cited from http://www.genetics.unimelb.edu.au/Martin/AustChironfile/AustRef.htm#S .
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  • Soponis, A. R. (1977): A revision of the nearctic species of Orthocladius (Orthocladius) van der Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae). Memoirs of the entomological society of Canada. Vol. 102, Pp. 1-187.
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  • Staeger, C. (1839): Systematisk fortegnelse over di i Danmark hidtil fundne Diptera. Naturhist. Tidsskr. Vol. 2, Pp. 549-600. Note:  "Steager 1839" not checked for Glyptotendipes barbipes, Cricotopus (Isocladius) intersectus, Cryptochironomus albofasciatus, Dicrotendipes nervosus.
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    •  T    ^ up ^
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  • Tang, H., Guo, Y., Wang, X. and Sæther, O. A. (2004): The pupa and larvae of Propsilocerus taihuensis (Wen, Zhou & Rong) (Diptera: Chironomidae), with comlete keys to all immatures of the genus Propsilocerus. Aquatic Insects. Vol. 26, No. 3/4, Pp. 265-272. e-mail: xhwang at nankai dot edu dot cn. Adress: to Xinhua Wang, Department of Biology, Life Science College, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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  • Thienemann, A. (1942): Paratrichocladius holsatus Goetgh. usw., eine eigentümliche Mosaikart der Orthocladiinen. (Chironomiden aus dem Lunzer Seengebiet VI). Zool Anz. Vol. 139, No. 11/12, Pp. 201-208. Note:  cited fro Dettinger-Klemm 2001.
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  • Thienemann, A. (1951): Tanytarsus-Studien II. Die Subsectio Paratanytarsus. Auf grund der nachgelassenen Papiere Friedrich Wilh. Carl Krüger's. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement. Vol. 18, Pp. 595-632. Note:  citet from Pinder and Reiss 1983.
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  • Tokunaga, M. (1936a): Chironomidae from Japan (Diptera), VII. New species and a new variety of the genus Chironomus Meigen. Philippine Journal of Science. Vol. 60, Pp. 71-84. Note:  cited ffrom http://www.catalogueoflife.org/ .
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  • Tokunaga, M. (1936b): Chironomidae from Japan. VI. Diamesinae.. Philippine Journal of Science. Vol. 59, Pp. 525-552. Note:  cited from Makarchenko and Makarchenko 2000.
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  • Trond, A. (Editor) (2007): Contributions to the systematics and ecology of aquatic Diptera: a tribute to Ole A. Sæther. (Editor: Andersen, Trond). Columbus, Ohio : Caddis Press. 358 P. Note:  ISBN 0-9667982-3-6.
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    •  W    ^ up ^
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  • Walker, I. R., Wilson, S. E. and Smol, J. P. (1995): Chironomidae (Diptera): quantitative palaeosalinity indicators for lakes of western Canada. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (Can J Fish Aquat Sci). Vol. 52, Pp. 950-960. Note:  cited from Zhang et al. 2007.
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